Software Solutions
A computer without software is like a kitchen without pots and pans. To run a community media site, you’ll need several types of software. We'll suggest some first-class industry standards in each category, then point out more basic alternatives that might also fit your needs.
HTML Editors
There are two types of HTML editors. Text editors let you work directly with HTML code. For Web coders with a solid knowledge of HTML, text editors offer greater control to write cleaner, more efficient code. Visual editors are designed for people with little or no HTML experience. They let users see and edit an HTML page as it would appear in a browser. Visual editors are easier to use, but the code they create is often cluttered and messy, which can create larger HTML files that require more of a Web site’s bandwidth. To learn more about using HTML, visit our HTML Basics chapter.
Software shakeup
Adobe, the top company for creative design software, bought its biggest competitor, Macromedia, in April 2005. Adobe will most likely adopt the best and most popular Macromedia programs while getting rid of weaker competing products from both companies. As of this writing, it’s not clear whether these programs will be sold to other companies or discontinued. We’ll continue to list them all here until that answer is known.
Visual editors
Macromedia's Dreamweaver is the most popular visual HTML editor. Dreamweaver lets you create and edit Web pages as easily as word processing documents. For more information, see our chapter on Dreamweaver. $400
Adobe’s competing product, GoLive (http://www.adobe.com/products/golive/main.html), is designed to work especially well with Adobe’s other design products. If you frequently use Photoshop for image editing, Acrobat to prepare documents for the Web, or InDesign to create print publications, GoLive may be worth consideration. $400
Microsoft's Front Page (http://www.microsoft.com/frontpage/) is a common but frustrating visual HTML editor. If you're working with a content management system, you'll find that Front Page tends to modify and complicate your HTML, making it more difficult to use. $200
Text editors
If you prefer a text editor for creating and editing HTML, there are numerous options available. On the Mac, Bare Bones Software (http://www.barebones.com/)’s BBEdit holds a special place in the hearts of many Web developers for its simple interface and powerful options to search, replace and process text quickly and easily. $199
Bare Bones also makes a free text editor called TextWrangler. It offers fewer features but remains a good value for Web editors with simpler needs.
On the PC side, there are literally dozens of text editors, each with its own proponents. We've used TextPad (http://www.textpad.com/) from Helios with excellent results. $31
Along with TextPad, we recommend the use of an HTML validator, which can really cut down on the time you spend looking for small typos in your code. A good one is the aptly named HTML Validator (http://www.htmlvalidator.com/) from AI Internet Solutions. $69
For a reliable but less expensive option, consider HTML Tidy (http://tidy.sourceforge.net/#binaries), a veteran program for HTML code cleanup.
The World Wide Web Consortium, the governing body that creates and regulates HTML standards, also offers a free Web-based validation service (http://validator.w3.org) on its site.
Image Editors
Adobe Photoshop (http://www.adobe.com/products/photoshop/) is the most widely used image-editing program. Though its advanced features take time to master, even first-time users can make basic photo edits easily. You can open Photoshop, create a text header, crop a picture, brighten and resize it and save it for the Web without ever having to understand the full depth of Photoshop's abilities. To learn more about publishing photos on the Web, read How to take pictures for the Web. $599
If you’re only planning to work on graphics and photos for the Web and don’t intend to produce printed work, consider Adobe’s simpler, less expensive Photoshop Elements (http://www.adobe.com/products/photoshopel/main.html). For a fraction of the full version’s cost, you’ll get all but the most advanced Photoshop features, plus special tools and shortcuts to make editing photos easy and convenient. $99
On the Mac, an even cheaper program called GraphicConverter (http://www.lemkesoft.de/) can handle most image formats. However, a dense interface and numerous additional options sometimes make the program hard to use. $35
The GIMP (http://www.gimp.org) is a free open-source alternative to Photoshop. Adobe’s product is more polished, but the GIMP offers many of the same basic image-editing features. The GIMP’s site offers Windows and Mac versions.
Macromedia's Fireworks (http://www.macromedia.com/fireworks/) is specifically designed to create and edit Web graphics. The interface can be awkward, but many Web designers swear by it, especially for its integration with Dreamweaver. Fireworks also offers better drawing capabilities than Photoshop. $299
Bitmap vs. Vector illustration
There are two kinds of computer graphics programs. Vector programs (often referred to as drawing programs) store information about a drawing’s lines and shapes as a series of mathematical equations. This gives vector program users the flexibility to squash, stretch or change each element of their drawing at any time. Adobe Illustrator and Macromedia FreeHand are the two most prominent vector graphics programs.
Bitmap programs (generally known as painting programs) store each image as a grid of tiny dots called pixels. Bitmap images are more detailed and realistic than vector illustrations but less flexible and harder to edit. Adobe Photoshop is the best-known bitmap editing program.
Vector illustration programs such as Adobe Illustrator or Macromedia Freehand are complex but powerful tools for creating logos and other non-photo graphics. If you’re considering buying either one, you probably already know more about the programs and their capabilities than this tutorial can offer.
One other possibility is iPhoto, part of iLife (http://www.apple.com/ilife/Apple's) suite. Its latest update provides basic image-editing features: color correction, fixing blemishes, cropping and rotating. However, it’s designed more for viewing and cataloging photos than for serious editing. It can't add text to an image, create effects like drop shadows and borders, or easily resize photos. $79
On the PC, Corel’s Paint Shop Pro (http://www.corel.com) is a common stand-in for Photoshop. It's packed full of features and costs $129
File Transfer Programs
File transfer protocol, or FTP, is a quick way to get files to and from your Web server. There are many different FTP programs, also known as clients. Look for a client that offers secure FTP, or SFTP, which encodes your password and the information you send so that network intruders can’t steal them.
Dreamweaver and BBEdit have built-in FTP clients, as do Adobe's GoLive and Front Page.
On the Mac, Fetch (http://www.fetchsoftworks.com/) and Transmit (http://www.panic.com/transmit/) are both well known and liked. They cost between $25 and $30. Interarchy (http://www.interarchy.com/) costs $40 and has a number of other built-in network features.
On the PC, Cute FTP (http://www.globalscape.com/cuteftp/), WS_Ftp (http://www.wsftp.com/) and SmartFTP (http://www.smartftp.com/) are all decent transfer programs at reasonable prices. (SmartFTP is free for personal use, while the others are $35 to $40.)
All FTP clients offer the same basic features, but some may be slightly faster than others or offer their own special features. Check each client’s Web site to see what it offers. We recommend you try several FTP clients and choose the one you like best.
Rich Media Applications
Most advanced multimedia editing software – programs used to create sophisticated interactive presentations or professional-quality DVDs – is beyond the scope of what we cover here. A few programs ought to be mentioned, though.
Macromedia's Flash format is the Web’s most popular format for animation and interactive presentations. While multiple software applications can produce and output Flash files, we strongly recommend Flash MX 2004 if you are considering this type of rich media. $300
On the PC side, Swish (http://www.swishzone.com) is an up-and-coming alternative to Flash. Swish makes it easier to tap many of Flash’s more complex features to create sophisticated Flash-compatible files, especially those that work with online databases. Swish is not available for the Mac; PC users don’t need to own Flash to use Swish. $99
SeriousMagic’s Visual Communicator (http://www.seriousmagic.com/vcotherj.cfm) is an inexpensive program to create video news broadcasts. It offers simple but powerful video editing tools, plus a built-in teleprompter and other features useful to video news operations on a tight budget. $190 - $490
You may also need Apple’s QuickTime Pro (http://www.apple.com/quicktime/). QuickTime video files play on Macintosh or Windows computers and can be distributed on the Web. Upgrading from the free QuickTime Player to the Pro version lets you edit QuickTime clips, create slide shows, prepare QuickTime movies for streaming and much more. To learn more about putting video on the Web, read the Video chapter. $30
Word Processors
Microsoft Word (http://www.microsoft.com/) ($200) is a venerable and popular choice for word processing. If you prefer an alternative, OpenOffice (http://www.openoffice.org/) is a free, open-source productivity suite with many of the same features, including spell checking, text formatting and the ability to work with Microsoft Office files.
